Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1971 (COGSA 1971): UK legislation that incorporates the Hague-Visby Rules into domestic law, regulating carrier's liability and obligations in maritime transport

Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1992 (COGSA 1992): UK legislation governing the transfer of rights under bills of lading, defining who can sue under a bill of lading and addressing title to sue issues

Hague-Visby Rules: International convention providing mandatory rules for international carriage of goods by sea, including carrier's duties, liabilities, and limitation of liability provisions

Hamburg Rules: Alternative international convention for maritime transport (though UK is not a signatory), providing modern regulations for international shipments

English Common Law: Fundamental principles of contract law and maritime law precedents that form the basis of legal interpretation in England and Wales

Incoterms 2020: Latest version of international trade terms defining responsibilities and costs between buyers and sellers in international trade

Electronic Commerce Regulations 2002: Regulations governing electronic commerce and electronic documentation in the UK, relevant for electronic Bills of Lading

Electronic Communications Act 2000: UK legislation providing legal framework for electronic communications and electronic signatures, applicable to electronic Bills of Lading