The Formal Reference Letter (Arbeitszeugnis) is a fundamental document in German employment law, required whenever an employment relationship ends. It serves as an essential tool for future employment opportunities and must be provided by employers upon request or automatically upon termination. The document follows strict legal guidelines under German law, including requirements for content, tone, and format. Unlike simple confirmation of employment letters, an Arbeitszeugnis must include both objective information about the employment period and role, as well as qualitative assessments of performance and conduct. The language used must be positive while remaining truthful, using specific coded phrases that are well-understood in German business culture. This document is crucial for both employees and employers, as it forms part of the standard documentation required for job applications in Germany and can significantly impact an individual's career prospects.

1. Header Information: Company letterhead, date, and title 'Arbeitszeugnis' (Reference Letter)

2. Personal Information: Employee's full name, date of birth, and role within the company

3. Employment Duration: Precise start and end dates of employment

4. Job Description: Detailed description of the employee's role, responsibilities, and duties

5. Performance Assessment: Evaluation of the employee's performance, quality of work, and capability

6. Conduct Assessment: Description of the employee's behavior towards superiors, colleagues, and clients

7. Reason for Departure: Brief statement about why the employment relationship ended

8. Closing Formula: Standard closing with future wishes and appreciation

9. Signature Block: Date, place, company representative's signature and position